Everything about Hydrochloride totally explained
In chemistry,
hydrochlorides are
salts resulting, or regarded as resulting, from the reaction of
hydrochloric acid with an organic
base (mostly
amines). This is also known as
muriate, derived from hydrochloric acid's other name: muriatic acid.
For example, reaction of
pyridine (C
5H
5N) with hydrochloric acid (HCl) yields pyridine hydrochloride (C
5H
5N·HCl). Even though this style of formulas is often used for denoting the hydrochlorides, the dot incorrectly implies that the two molecules are weakly bonded together. It is the salt C
5H
5NH
+ Cl
- with correct chemical name pyridinium chloride.
Uses
Converting insoluble amines into hydrochlorides is a common way to make them
water- and acid-soluble. This is particularly desirable for substances used in medications. Many
pharmaceutical substances are prepared as hydrochlorides so that they may be quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract; the body usually absorbs a hydrochloride within 15 - 30 minutes.
Examples of hydrochlorides in medical uses are many, ranging from
over-the-counter sinus relief to
antidepressants.
Preparation
Hydrochlorides can be prepared in the laboratory by the addition of hydrochloric acid, or by bubbling gaseous HCl through an organic solution containing the amine to avoid the introduction of water.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Hydrochloride'.
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